采油菌B36的室内研究

Studies on Bacteria Species B36 for Oil Recovery

从胜利油田油水样中分离出一珠细菌B36 ,该菌耐温耐盐性良好 ,能以烃类作为唯一的碳源。该菌 5 0℃时在含有混合石蜡 (>C16原油馏分 )及其他营养物的培养基中摇床培养 12h后 ,培养液中菌数高达 7× 10 5个 /mL ,培养液表面张力由 6 1mN/m降至 32mN/m ,pH值由 7.0降至 5 .4。由培养 36h的上述培养液中分离出黄色粉末状表面活性物质 ,其产量为 0 .6 5 g/L ,经鉴定为脂肽。该菌分别与原油和混合石蜡在不含混合石蜡的培养液中培养 6d后 ,含水原油 5 0℃粘度由 6 5 .6mPa·s降至 15 .3mPa·s,6 0℃界面张力由 30 .6mN/m降至 1.2mN/m ,无水原油凝固点由 4 4℃降至 36℃ ,初馏点下降 ,终馏点升高 ,可馏出物 (轻组分 )由 4 5 .1%增至 5 7.8% ;混合石蜡 2d降解率为2 .1% ,6d降解率达 2 5 .8%。

A bacterial species, B36, is isolated from oil and water samples from Shengli. It is heat resistant and salt tolerant and can grow on hydrocarbons as the only carbon source. After 12 hrs cultivation of B36 in a culture medium with mixed wax ( petroleum fraction of >C 16 ) and other nutrients added on vibrator at 50℃, the bacteria population in the culture reaches 7×10 8 cell/mL, its surface tension decrease from 61 to 32 mN/m, and its pH value-from 7.0 to 5.4. A yellow powdered surface active substance is obtained from the same culture after 36 hrs cultivation with yield of 0.65 g/L and is identified as lipopeptides. After 6 days cultivation of B36 in culture media with a crude oil or mixed wax added at 50℃, the viscosity at 50℃ decreases from 65.6 to 15.3 mPa·s and the interfacial tension-from 30.6 to 1.2 mN/m for water cut crude oil; the pour point lowers from 44 to 36℃, the initial boiling point lowers and the end point rises, the percent of distillate oil (light fractions) increases from 45.1% to 57.8% for dehydrated crude oil; the degradating rate of mixed wax is 2.1% after 2 days and 25.8% after 6 days of cultivation. B36 is a perspective microorgamism for oil recovery.