方言词的来源分类初探——以客家方言为例

<title>The classification of dialect words based on the origin

方言词有多种分类法。本文尝试从来源角度进行分类,即将来源可明的方言词分为自创词(内源词)和外源词,后者又分为通语词、它方言词、民族语词、外国语词四类,每类下又据历史层次各分为若干小类。这样不仅可以根据来源分类时的语源考察认清单个方言词的来历,更可以根据每个类别中包含词语的多少了解方言形成历史、形成过程以及方言与通语、周边方言、民族语甚至外国语的亲疏远近的关系。文章以客家方言为例,进行了举例说明。

<Abstrcat> There are some methods to divide the dialect words. This paper discusses the classification based on the origin of dialect words, which makes Hakka dialects be an example.