太平天国时期江南士绅阶层流向辨析

On the Split up and Category of Literati In the South during the Period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

太平天国占领江南后,江南士绅群体迅速分化,并根据各自所处的环境,开始寻觅新的政治生活空间。其主要流向为:一是重拾经世法宝,举旗卫道;二是亡命上海等地,策划"借师助剿";三是组织团练抗拒太平军;四是进入天国政权系统。在太平天国政权中,因心态各异,士人又可分为献身型、温饱型、逍遥型、隐士型、谋私型、破坏型等,表现出与天国互动的程度性差异,并进而对太平天国的生存产生相当影响。

After the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom occupied the South, the literati there immediately split up and looked for their new political living space according to their respective environment The major measures they took were as follows Some flaunted the banner of defending traditional moral principles, others fled to Shanghai and other places with the help of borrowed troops. Still some others organized local forces to fight against the Taiping troops. The rest joined the political power system of the TaiPing Heavenly Kingdom. The literati there fell into several categories in accordance with their states of mind. There were those who devoted themselves to their courses, those who lead a relatively comfortable life, those who were free and unfettered, those who became recluses, those who worked for self-interest and those who went in for intrigues etc. And each type of literati and the Taiping Heavenly kingdom interacted on each other differently, thus exerting a considerable influence on the long-term existence of the Kingdom.