铁路与近代日本制丝业的发展

The Development of Railways and Silk Industry in Modern Japan

在近代日本赖以创汇的产业中 ,制丝业一直独占鳌头 ,对日本的资本原始积累和产业资本的形成、发展起过重大作用。由于国内市场容量有限 ,制丝业必须开拓国际市场 ,以生丝的出口换取棉花等原料的进口。日本政府在制丝产地敷设铁路 ,改变生丝运输的落后状态 ,便于输送季节性制丝工人 ,抑制来价上扬 ,从而降低了生丝生产成本。

Silk industry dominated the export oriented industries in modern Japan, and contributed to the primitive accumulation of capital and the formation and increase of industrial capital. Owing to the limited demand of the home market, silk industry must be export oriented so as to exchange grege silk with imported raw materials like cotton. The Japanese government constructed railways in silk producing area, as a result of which the production cost of grege silk was lowered and silk industry in Japan rapidly developed.