简论恐怖、恐怖主义与恐怖主义犯罪

A Brief Study of Terror, Terrorism and Terrorist Crime

简明地看,恐怖主义是为达一定目的而选择以恐怖行为为手段,其本质是以施行恐怖行为来制造部分人或全社会的恐怖,从而达到其个人、组织或国家的某种政治的、经济的、文化的、宗教的或情感的目的。战争具有恐怖性,但恐怖行为不一定是战争,以战争为恐怖手段胁迫敌对国家屈服可称为战争恐怖主义,恐怖主义战争则是由恐怖主义者发动的主要以恐怖行为为手段的战争。恐怖主义犯罪是为了实现恶意目的,采取恐怖手段,制造恐怖效果,给不特定的人造成严重的伤害,并造成普遍的恐怖感的犯罪。“9·11事件”等恐怖主义行为是典型的恐怖主义犯罪。

Briefly, terrorism is to take terrorist action to achieve certain purposes. It is in essence to create terror among a certain group of population or in the whole society through terrorist actions to fulfill certain political, economic, cultural, religious or emotive purposes of an individual, an organization, or a state. War is of terrorist nature but terrorist actions may not be war. Forcing an opposing state to yield by the terrorist means of war may be called war terrorism, while terrorist war is war waged by terrorists by means of terrorist action. The terrorist crime is crime committed by terrorist means in which terrorist effects and the prevalent terror are created and serious harm done to unspecific groups of people for evil purposes. Terrorist actions like the 9.11 are typical terrorist crimes.