我国医用诊断X射线工作者1950～1995年非肿瘤死亡分析

Noncancer death for medical diagnostic X-ray workers in China,1950-1995

目的 研究职业X射线照射对人类非肿瘤性疾病的影响及其规律。方法 采用队列研究的方法对我国医用诊断X射线工作者 (放射组 )及非放射科室医务工作者 (对照组 )的非肿瘤死因进行了随访观察和对比研究。结果 放射组非肿瘤死亡危险明显高于对照组 ,RR =1 18,P <0 0 1。危险显著增高的非肿瘤死因有 :冠心病 ,RR =1 39(P <0 0 1) ;脑血管病 ,RR =1 36 (P <0 0 1) ;再生障碍性贫血 ,RR =10 35 (P <0 0 1) ;神经系统疾病 ,RR =2 0 6 (P <0 0 1) ;及皮肤、皮下组织疾病 ,RR =3 2 3(P <0 0 5 )。结论 受到长期职业照射的X射线工作者非肿瘤病因死亡危险显著增高 ,其中冠心病、脑血管病。

Objective\ To investigate occupational radiation exposure effects on human non\|cancer diseases. Methods\ A cohort study for medical diagnostic X\|ray workers and medical workers who never engaged in X\|ray work was carried out. Results\ The significantly enhanced noncancer deaths for X\|ray workers were showed as follows:ischaemic heart disease,RR was 1\^39 ( P <0 01);cerebrovascular disease,RR=1\^36 ( P <0\^01);aplastic anemia,RR=10\^35 ( P <0 01);disease of the nervous system,RR=2 06 ( P <0\^01);disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissues,RR=3\^23 ( P <0\^05). Conclusions\ Long\|term occupational X\|ray irradiation can enhance the overall risk of deaths,in which,risk for heart disease,cerebrovascular disease and aplastic anemia deaths may significantly related to the occupational exposure.