论河流生态环境需水

On water demand of river ecosystem

回顾了生态环境需水量研究的进展 ,讨论了实现河流各项基本功能目标的河流生态环境用水分类、各类生态环境用水量的计算方法及其间关系。提出了河流生态环境用水量及其阈值确定的各项原则 ,包括功能性需求原则、分时段考虑原则、分河段考虑原则、主功能优先原则、效率最大化原则、后效最小化原则。

A review of the recent advancement in the area of water demand of river ecosystem is presented. Different kinds of water demand for ecosystem are classified according to their basic function and target. Methods for calculating the amount of various water demand and their relationship are discussed. On this basis, principles for determining the reasonable amount of river ecosystem and corresponding threshold are proposed. It includes the principle for determining the function of water demand, dynamics, subsection, harmonization, priority, maximization of efficiency, minimization of aftereffect and optimization for whole river section.