央行铸币税与财政赤字弥补

Seigniorage of Central Bank and Offset of Fiscal Deficit

在信用货币制度下 ,铸币税是央行通过货币供给取得的对货币的使用权 ,其量是央行在一定时期内增加创造的货币量 ,表现为基础货币的增加。铸币税产生于对央行的货币需求 ,这种需求产生财富分配效应。铸币税是央行的债务凭证 ,这种债务凭证可续短为长。铸币税的增加与财政赤字相关。在我国 ,以铸币税去弥补财政赤字是不可避免的 ,重要的问题是把握住一个度。

In the system of credit money, seigniorage is the central bank's access to currency through its money supply, which amounts to what central bank creates in addition during a certain period, and appears as the increase of monetary base. It is the money demand of central bank, which causes the effect of wealth distribution that results in seigniorage. Seigniorage is the debt warrant of central bank, which can accumulate the 'short' into the 'long'. There is some correlation between the increase of seigniorage, and what matters is to balance the degree.