以历史唯物主义观点深化对劳动价值论的认识

Deepening Our Understanding of the Labor Theory of Value in the Perspective of Historical Materialism

深化对劳动价值论的认识 ,关键是在坚持“活劳动是价值的唯一源泉”的前提下 ,深化对“使用价值”、“生产性劳动”等基本范畴的认识。关于劳动价值论的讨论要摆脱几个误区 :一是科技人员的劳动创造价值并不等于科学技术或先进设备创造价值 ;二是不要把一国在一定时期内所生产的商品的总价值 ,同该国同期的国民生产总值等同起来 ,国民生产总值是价格范畴 ,而不是价值范畴 ;三是要把劳动价值论与分配理论区分开来 ,对“按要素分配”的肯定 ,并不意味着承认“物化劳动创造价值”这一观点的科学性。

To deepen our understanding of the labor theory of value, it is necessary to get a better understanding of such basic concepts as 'use value' and 'productive labor' in the principle that 'labor is the only source of value.' It is also necessary, in the discussion of the labor theory of value, to avoid two misconceptions, i.e. (1) confusing the total value of the goods produced in a country in a given period with the GNP of the country, as GNP is a concept of price rather than value; and (2) confusing the labor theory of value with the theory of distribution, as affirming the view of 'distribution by the ownership of production factor' does not represent an affirmation of the view that 'materialized labor creates value.