试析基督教和儒家的罪恶观

Sin" and "Evil" in Christian and Confucian Perspectives

在《旧约》(希伯来圣经 )和《尚书》中 ,我们可以看到古代以色列人和中国的上古先民在有关上帝的观念 ,以及上帝如何护佑善人和他们的国家 ,如何惩罚罪人和毁灭他们的国家方面 ,存在诸多相似看法。而在《新约》和《论语》中 ,随着保罗阐发“原罪”和“基督拯救”的观念 ,和孔子对“天命”和“君子”的义务的新解释 ,它们间的重要区别就显露出来了。这在很大程度上表征了基督教和儒家思想各自的特色。本文试以保罗和孔子的观点为代表 。

In the Christian Old Testament(Hebrew Bible) and in the Chinese classical book 'Shang Shu', we can see that the remote ancient Israeli and Chinese shared man y ideas concerning the notion of 'God' and how God blessed virtuous people and th eir country, punished evil people and destroyed their country. However, Paul's i nterpretation of 'the original sin' and 'Christian salvation', as can be see n in the New Testament, and Confucius' interpretation of the 'will of Heaven' and 'the obligations of a gentleman', as can be seen in the Analects of Confuc ius', show fundamental differences which, to a great extent, are indicativ e of the respective characteristics of Christianity and Confucianism. This paper attempts to make a comparative study of Christian and Confucian views on sin a nd evil, by referring to Paul and Confucius.