概念性流域水文模型参数校准

Parameter calibration of conceptual basin hydrological model

为快捷有效地确定流域水文模型参数,梳理了水文模型参数校准的基本流程,文中阐述了各环节需关注的要点,重点探讨了参数优选过程中所需实测洪水数据的遴选原则及目标函数的设定,提出了一种组合型的目标函数,将多目标参数优化问题转化为单目标优化问题,使产、汇流参数优选同步进行,简化了参数优选过程,与其他多目标优化算法相比,更简单有效。本文以基于新安江模型的云峰水库入库洪水预报模型的参数校准为实例,对模型参数进行了校准,模拟结果达到了较高的精度,验证了参数校准方法的有效性。

To quickly and effectively determine the parameters of basin hydrological model and sort out the basic flow path of hydrological model parameter calibration,the paper describes the key points that need to attention in each link and discusses specifically the selection principle of the measured flood data and the setting objective function in the progress of parameter optimization.A combined type objective function is proposed,which can convert the multi-objective parameter optimization problem to the single target optimization problem,realizes the synchronization optimization for the runoff yield parameters and confluence parameters,simplifies the parameter optimization process.It is more simple and effective compared with other multi-objective optimization algorithms.Taking the parameter calibration of Yunfeng reservoir inflow flood forecast model based on the Xin’anjiang model,the model parameters calibration was carried out,and the simulation results reach a higher accuracy.It is proved that the model parameters calibration method is effective.