2Leon Edel, "Biography and the Science of Man", in Anthony M. Friendson ed., New Directions in Biography ( Hullunono.University of Hawaii Press, 1981), p. 9.
3Leon Edel, Writing Lives. Principia Biography (New York.Norton. 1984), pp. 91-92.
4See Moraitis and Pollack eds., Psychoanalytic Studies of Biography ( Madison, Conn. International Universites Press,1987), pp. 3-26.
5Leon Edel, "Transference. The Biographer' s Dilema", Biography 7 (Fall 1984), p. 286.
6David Hoddesen,"Introduction",American Imago,vol. 54, No. 4 (The Johns Hopkins University Press,1997), p. 323, p. 329, p. 332, p. 331.
7Elisabeth Young Bruehl, Subject to Biography. Psychoanalysis,Feminism, and Writing Women' s Lives (Cambridge, Mass.Harvard University Press, 1998), p. 121.
8Irving Alexander,Personology.Method and Content in Personality Assessment and Psychobiography,Durham and London.Duke University Press,1990,131页.
9Alan Elms, Uncovering Lives. The Uneasy Alliance of Biographyand Psychology (New York. Oxford, 1994), pp. 35-50.
10Peter Loewenberg, "Psychoanalytic Models of History.Freud and After", in W. M. Runyan, Psychology and Historical Interpretation (New York. Oxford, 1988), p. 146, p.156, pp. 146- 147.
