美国发起贸易争端的缘起反思

Reflection on the Origin of the United States Launching the Trade Dispute

美国发起贸易争端的缘起,既不是贸易逆差,也不是技术赶超,更不是制造业失业人口的存在,而是维护其在新国际分工中的主导地位。在这种分工格局中,新国际分工所意在建立或维护的全球范围内跨空间重组为特征的产品内分工,实质上仍然是一个有中心和外围、有主导和依附关系的国际劳动分工体系。作为一个资本品净出口国,美国将会使“去工业化”和“再工业化”往复与重启,来巩固和维护其在新国际分工中的链主地位。随着新国际分工的细化,全球价值链的深度融入,中美两国贸易争端不仅具有长期性,而且争端领域、争端程度、争端范围会越来越复杂,越来越激烈。中国唯有前瞻性、创造性地“迂回”介入和占领价值链高端领域的产业,才能取得竞争优势,摆脱价值链的低端依附地位。

The origin of the trade dispute initiated by the United States is neither a trade deficit nor a technology catch—up,nor the existence of unemployed population in the manufacturing industry,but to maintain its dominant position in the new international division of labor.In this pattern of division of labor,the division of labor for products with the characteristic of world—wide cross—space restructuring that the new international division of labor intends to establish and maintain is essentially an international system of division of labor with central and peripheral areas,and the relationship of being dominant and dependent.As a net exporter of capital goods,the United States will reciprocate and restart“de—industrialization”and“re—industrialization”to consolidate and maintain its status of dominating the chain in the new international division of labor.With the refinement of the new international division of labor and the deep integration of the global value chain,the trade dispute between China and the United States is long-term,and the area,degree and scope of the dispute will become more and more complex and increasingly fierce.Only by“circuitously”intervening in and occupying the high-end industries in the value chain in a forward-looking and creative manner can China gain competitive advantage and get rid of the low-end position of depending on others in the value chain.