疫苗时代疫苗可预防疾病流行病学和临床表现的变化

Epidemiological and clinical features of vaccine-preventable diseases in vaccine era

在高疫苗接种率的国家和地区,近些年来几种疫苗可预防疾病发病情况再度增多,如麻疹、水痘、百日咳、流行性腮腺炎等,引起了广泛关注。研究发现,这些疾病的临床表现和流行病学特征不同于疫苗使用以前。该文综述疫苗可预防疾病在疫苗使用前后的临床和流行病学特点,重点介绍我国情况,希望以此引起临床医生的重视,提高认识,加强防控,促进深入研究。

In countries and regions with high vaccination coverage,several vaccine-preventable diseases have been resurged in recent years,such as measles,varicella,pertussis and mumps.Some studies have found that the clinical manifestation and epidemiological characteristics of these diseases were different from those in pre-vaccine era.This article reviewed the clinical and epidemiological features of vaccine-preventable diseases before and after wide immunization implementation,focusing on the situation in China,in order to attract the attention of clinicians,raise awareness,strengthen prevention and control,and promote in-depth research for these diseases.