继承与超越、解构与重建——后马克思主义与马克思主义关系阐释

Inheritance and Surpassing;Destruction and Reconstruction:on the Relationship between Post-Marxism and Marxism

后马克思主义与马克思主义的关系问题,是一个重要而又复杂的问题。尽管人们对"后马克思主义",以及后马克思主义与马克思主义的关系有着不同的理解,但只有拉克劳、墨菲的激进多元民主才是典型的后马克思主义;就此而言,后马克思主义是对马克思主义的继承与超越、解构与重建。尽管拉克劳、墨菲强调后马克思主义既不在马克思主义之外,更不是一种反马克思主义,而是重视其他社会斗争形式的马克思主义;但无论如何,后马克思主义作为借助后结构主义来解构与重建马克思主义的西方马克思主义流派,离经典马克思主义已经相去甚远,与后现代主义有某些共同性,乃至表现出某些非马克思主义倾向。

The relationship between post-Marxism and Marxism is important and complex.Although there are many explanations of the relationship and post-Marxism itself,only Ernesto Laclau & Chantal Mouffe's radically plural democracy is typical post-Marxism.In this sense,post-Marxism is the inheri- tance and surpassing of Marxism on the one hand,destruction and reconstruction of Marxism on the other hand.Ernesto Laclau & Chantal Mouffe emphasize that post-Marxism is not non-Marxism,much less anti-Marxism, on the contrary,post-Marxism is a certain Marxism which pays attention to some other forms of social struggles.Anyway,post-Marxism as a particular western Marxism,which destructs and reconstructs Marxism by post-structuralism, goes away from classic Marxism,has some common characteristics with post-modernism and even shows the trend of non-Marxism.