走向“大众—民主召询”——厄内斯托·拉克劳早期民粹主义思想研究

Towards “Popular-Democratic Interpellation”——Research on Ernesto Laclau’s Early Thought of Populism

'民粹主义'术语的暧昧不明使得它继续以暗示的方式被使用,那些试图确定其内容的尝试都不免走向失败。拉克劳在《走向民粹主义理论》一文中阐述了一条不同于既有研究的进路,他首先指出理解民粹主义的四条基本进路之缺陷所在,继而提出一种以'大众—民主召询'为中心的理论,试图走出阶级还原论的框架,最后分析'人民'与'阶级'的辩证张力,以及在不同程度的张力下民粹主义可能呈现的不同形态。拉克劳把民粹主义视为一种意识形态要素,它存在于意识形态话语接合'大众—民主召询'的具体实践中。

The vagueness of 'Populism'lead the term continues to be used in an allusive way and any attempt to ascertain its content is failed inevitably.Ernesto Laclau showed us a different approach in the paper ' Towards a Theory of Populism'. In the first place, He pointed out flaws of four basic approaches to which an interpretation of populism. Then he introduced a theory which centrality is 'popular-democratic interpellation' in order to out of the framework of class reductionism. And finally, he analyzed dialectic tension of the people and classes. Laclau perceived populism as an ideological element which consist in the concrete practice of ideological discourse articulating the ' popular-democratic interpellation'.