法国左翼知识精英对黑格尔的接受和形塑(1920—1960)——巴塔耶与科耶夫的思想论争

The reception and shaping of Hegel by the left-wing intellectual elites in France(1920-1960):Debate between Bataille and Kojève

一般认为,科耶夫的《精神现象学》研讨班是法国黑格尔复兴运动的开端。事实上在此之前,以巴塔耶、奎诺为代表的左翼知识精英们就因为受到马克思主义的影响对黑格尔思想中的辩证法等要素展开过讨论。20世纪30年代,科耶夫以其天才魅力对黑格尔进行的马克思主义和海德格尔存在主义式的解读恰逢其时地满足了左翼知识精英们在学理上(反传统理性主义)和政治上对黑格尔的想象及对当时法国哲学和社会的诊断需求。巴塔耶、奎诺和科耶夫不同时期的作品及通信勾勒出他们的思想论争过程。他们各自的思想资源和独特的生命体验导致他们在对黑格尔的接受和形塑上呈现出明显的差异性。

Kojeve’s seminar on Phenomenology of Spirit is usually considered to be the beginning of the renaissance of Hegelianism in France.In act,before that,through the Marxist influence,the left-wing intellectual elites represented by Bataille and Queneau have already had discussions on Hegel’s thinking,especially on dialectic studies.In 1930 s,Kojeve,with his extraordinary charm and rare talent,made a Marxist and existentialist interpretation of Hegel’s philosophy,which just then pandered to left-wing intellectual’s imagination of Hegel on theoretical and political level,as well as to their diagnostic requirements of the French philosophy and society.Bataille,Queneau and Kojeve’s writings in different periods along with their correspondence outline the process of their debates.Their respective intellectual resources and distinctive living experiences lead to marked differences in their reception and shaping of Hegel.