“乌有乡”情结——拜厄特《孩子们的书》中的田园书写

“Nowhere” Complex:Pastoral Writing in A. S. Byatt’s The Children’s Book

田园不仅激发了莫里斯的乌托邦理想,也是贯穿拜厄特作品《孩子们的书》始终的重要意象。小说以双重意象的结构方式展现了莫里斯式理想的社会形态,即通过保持城市与花园各自的内在秩序,并以花园的自然活力赋予城市持久性,从而实现二者的结合。这一理想源于对童年、自然、土地的眷恋,对花园社会的憧憬,对美好艺术设计的追求,最终实现'为生活而艺术'。田园书写关注点广泛,包括城市与乡村之间、人类与自然环境之间的关系以及技术的地位等,成为当代生态批评与生态政治乌托邦研究的焦点。

The pastoral not only inspires the utopian ideals of William Morris,but it also functions as a prime image running through A.S.Byatt’s The Children’s Book.Morris’s social ideal is presented through a double-image structure in the novel,that is,a harmonization of the city and the garden through maintenance of the inner order of both:the city is sustained through natural vitality of the garden.The pastoral ideal,believing in'Art for Life’s Sake',derives from a passion for childhood,nature and land,and is oriented toward art and design.Pastoral writing addresses a broad range of concerns,including the relationship between city and country,between humanity and natural environment,and the status of technology.It is a major topic of study for contemporary eco-criticism and eco-political utopian studies.