“国家意识”的徒劳——《棒兵队》中冲绳人的境遇与国家认识

The Futility of “National Consciousness”:The Situation of Okinawa People in The Stick Defended Army and National Awareness

冲绳本土作家大城立裕的《棒兵队》,是日本文坛第一篇以冲绳战役为题材创作的小说。作品通过描写日本军队对冲绳民众组成的'乡土防卫队'的奴役性歧视,刻画了冲绳被当作抵挡美军登陆日本本土前方战线的悲惨境地,以及冲绳民众被作为提供供给和抵挡美军炮弹的悲惨命运。日军对冲绳民众的怀疑以及随意屠杀,是日军将冲绳民众视为'异族'的心理反应。以'棒子'为武器的'乡土防卫队'遭受美军轰炸和日军歧视、屠杀的悲惨境遇,使日本政府对冲绳民众进行的'皇民化教育'的欺骗性暴露无疑,也使冲绳民众意识到对归属'祖国'日本的徒劳。冲绳民众体验了美国和日本这两个异邦权力对自己的歧视和压迫后,对日本的'祖国'幻想和'回归'幻想变成了深深的'幻灭'之感。

Stick Defended Army,written by Tatsuhiro Oshiro,Okinawa’s local writer,is the first novel written on the Battle of Okinawa.The novel depicts the Okinawa people’s'Local Defense Team'suffering discrimination and being treated as slaves.Okinawa was seen to be a defense against the US military landing on the mainland.Its people were obliged to serve as Japan’s military suppliers and became victims against the US military’s artillery shells.The Japanese army’s treatment of the Okinawa people as a suspicious'alien race'prompted their massacre of the Okinawa people.The'local defense team'using'sticks'as weapons was subjected to US military’s bombing and the Japanese military’s discrimination and massacres.The latter exposed the Japanese government’s deceptive'imperial education'of the Okinawa people,which forced the Okinawa people to realize the futility of belonging to their'motherland'Japan.After experiencing discrimination and oppression by the US and Japan,the Okinawa people experienced a deep'disillusionment'with both.