大丰麋鹿种群密度制约及资源化潜力初探

Preliminary study on the density restriction and utilization potential of Dafeng Milu

麋鹿自古就是珍贵的药用生物资源,其茸、角、血、肉等均为我国传统名贵中药。麋鹿是国家一级保护动物。自我国重新引入以来,大丰麋鹿种群不断繁殖壮大,数量从1986年的39头,增长到2018年的4556头。但是,目前其受到种群密度的制约、生境退化和潜在传染病暴发威胁,影响了麋鹿种群的健康发展。笔者通过系统分析麋鹿药用资源的保护现状,结合已开展的麋鹿生物学科学研究,综合分析麋鹿资源保护和利用的可行性,既能有效缓解保护区种群密度制约问题,又能推动中医医药事业和麋鹿繁育保护事业的快速发展。

As a precious Chinese medicinal resources,the antler,bone,flesh,and blood of Elaphurus davidianus(Milu)were used for over 2000 years in Chinese medicine.As a protected animal at the national level,the population of Dafeng Milu has been growing steadily since the reintroduction of Milu in China.The number increased from 39 in 1986 to 4556 in 2018.However,The population of Milu was restricted by population density.The habitat began to degenerate,the possibility of disease outbreak increased,which threatened the healthy reproduction of Milu population.Base on analysis of the development and conservation of the Milu resources,the theoretical of the Milu biological resources was researched scientifically.The protection and utilization of the Milu resources was considered comprehensively.It could not only solve the problem of the density restriction effectively in Dafeng Milu Reserve,but also promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and Milu conservation.