高脂肪饮食暴露对雌性大鼠子代糖脂代谢和卵巢功能的影响

Effects of high-fat diet exposure on glucolipid metabolism and ovarian function in offspring of female rats

目的 探讨高脂肪饮食对Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠雌性后代糖脂代谢和卵巢功能的影响。方法 将雌雄大鼠按照2∶1的比例合笼交配,收集交配成功的孕鼠,随机分为普通饲料组(对照组)和高脂高糖饲料组(观察组),选择雌性仔鼠作为研究对象,待其进入性成熟阶段,腹主动脉取血,应用全自动生化分析仪与酶联免疫吸附试剂盒测定血清中相关因子的含量,应用苏木精-伊红染色法(HE)直接观察肝脏组织与脂肪细胞的分布和数量,以及卵巢细胞内卵泡的数量与结构。结果 与对照组相比,观察组的血糖、血脂、体重、脂肪质量及脂肪系数均显著升高(P <0. 05);卵巢内雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)及黄体生成素(LH)的分泌显著减少(P <0. 05)。HE染色结果显示,与对照组仔鼠相比,观察组仔鼠肝细胞细胞质内出现脂肪空泡、肝细胞排列间隙增加及脂肪细胞数目增多、脂肪滴直径增大;观察组仔鼠卵巢中始基卵泡与初级卵泡的数量呈增多趋势,卵泡直径减小。结论 高脂肪饮食易引起糖脂代谢异常,推测其可能通过雌性子代腹部及臀部脂肪堆积,造成卵巢被脂肪包围,直接导致其功能障碍。

Objective To explore the effects of high-fat diet exposure on glucolipid metabolism and ovarian function in offspring of female Sprague Dawley rats.Methods Female and male rats were mated in cages at a ratio of 2∶1.Pregnant mice were collected and randomly divided into normal feed group(control group)and high-fat and high-glucose feed group(observation group).Female offspring were selected as the research object.After the offspring entering the stage of sexual maturity,the blood was taken from abdominal aorta artery.The contents of serum related factors were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kit.Hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE)was used to directly observe the distribution and quantity of liver tissue and the quantity and structure of ovarian follicles.Results Compared with the normal control group,the body weight,blood glucose,blood lipids and fat coefficient in high-fat diet rats were significantly increased(P<0.05).The secretions of estradiol(E2),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and luteinizing hormone(LH)in the ovary were significantly reduced(P<0.05).HE slices showed that compared with the normal control group,there were fat vacuoles in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes,the increase of hepatocyte arrangement gap,the number of adipocytes and the diameter of fat droplets in the observation group.The quantities of primordial follicles and primary follicles in the ovary showed increasing trend in high-fat diet group,and the diameter of follicles was decreased.Conclusions High-fat and high glucose diet may cause abnormal glucolipid metabolism.It is speculated that high fat diet may cause ovary to be surrounded by fat through fat accumulation in the abdomen and buttocks of female offspring,which directly leads to dysfunction.