农牧交错带典型地段土地沙化主要因素分析——以河北坝上张北县为例

Main factors analysis about soil desertification in typical section of interlock area of farming and pasturing:the case of Zhangbei County, Bashang Area of Hebei Province

本文应用灰色关联模型 ,对农牧交错带典型地段河北省坝上张北县土地沙化因素进行了分析 :发现影响土壤风蚀和土地沙化的主要自然因素是冬季平均气温和降水量 ,而并非年降水量和年平均气温。人类活动只是在气候变化的背景上 ,加速或减缓土壤风蚀和土地沙化过程。根据冬季平均气温和降水量的变化 ,人类可适当调整农业生产结构和生产方式 ,以减轻土壤风蚀和土地沙化 。

Globalclimate change and increasing intensity of anthropogenic activity are the main restricting factors to the development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid area. Gray relation model was applied to analyzethe main factors of wind erosion and land desertificationin Zhangbei County of Hebei Province in interlock area of farming and pasturing.Climate change and anthropogenic activities are the main factors influencing wind erosion and landdesertification. Climate change factors include monthly mean temperature and rainfall and annual mean temperature and rainfall.Factors of anthropogenic activities include population increase rate, per capital income, change of grassland and cultivated land area, the research result indicates: Wind erosion and landdesertificationare related to changing climate in interlock area of farming and pasturing of northern China, such as mean temperature and its precipitation in winter. There is no distinctiverelationship between the annual mean temperature and its precipitation. Population growth is a social factor and also a very important factor influencing agricultural production. Anthropogenic activity could intensify or mitigate wind erosion and land desertification on the background of mean temperature and precipitation changes in winter. According to changes in mean temperature and rainfall in winter, agricultural production framework and way of production can be adjusted properly by human beings in their production process. If precipitation decreased and temperature rose in winter, cultivated land area must be reduced next year. Stock raising or other ways of production should be increased. On the other hand, if the precipitation increased and temperature fell in winter, cultivated land area could be enlarged, because the soils have enough water and are suitable to be cultivated. Adjustment of agricultural production structure according to changes in mean temperature and precipitation in winter can mitigate wind erosion and land desertification and guarantee sustainable agricultural development