小型废电池填埋焚烧处置的健康风险分析

Health Risk Assessment on Waste Small Battery Landfill and Incineration

对废电池采取填埋、焚烧处置所引起的健康风险进行了分析。采用3种模型,分别研究了废电池随城市固体废物一起完全填埋处置、一起完全焚烧处置、一起部分填埋处置和部分焚烧处理时,可能引起的健康风险。由分析可知,镉镍电池焚烧过程将引起不可接受的致癌风险,填埋废电池也会引起重金属非致癌风险。提出在现阶段没有单独收集分类管理的条件下,对于小型废电池应采取填埋焚烧联合处置的办法,但应避免镉镍电池的焚烧。在建立了收集体系后,应该分类进行资源化和无害化管理。

In this paper, risk assessment has been carried out on landfill and incineration of waste battery. Three cases were studied. Firstly waste' batteries were landfiled with municipal solid wastes, secondly, those were incinerated with MSW and finally, were partially landfiled and partially incinerated with MSW. Based on assessment, nickel cadmium battery incineration could result in carcinogenic hazards, landfill of waste battery could result in noncarcinogenic hazards. So by far, small batteries should be partially incinerated and partially landfiled, and nickel cadmium batery incineration should be avoided. After the construction of collection system, small batteries should be recycled or disposed by sorts.