长沙市医疗垃圾处置现状

Investigation on Management of Medical Wastes in Changsha

目的了解长沙市医疗垃圾的管理状况。方法选择长沙市3所综合性医院、1所肿瘤专科和1所儿科专科医院调查医疗垃圾的种类、产量、收集和处理。结果医疗垃圾的主要成分是玻璃、塑料和棉纱 ,分别占55%、20%和12%。3所综合性医院的医疗垃圾日产量分别为0.48、0.63、0.43kg/床 ,儿科和肿瘤专科医院医疗垃圾日产量分别为0.58和0.74kg/床。据此估算长沙市日产医疗垃圾9.390t。医疗垃圾回收率为49.32 % (其中主要是玻璃和塑料 ) ,处理率仅1.34% ,还有49.34%混入生活垃圾或掩埋。结论长沙市医疗垃圾管理仍不完善 。

Objective To understand the control of medical waste disposal in Changsha. Methods The kinds, output, collection and disposal of medical wastes were investigated in three general hospitals, one tumor hospital and one paediatric hospital in Changsha. Results The main components of medical wastes were glass, plastic and cotton, which took 55%, 20% and 12% of the total output respectively. The daily outputs of medical wastes were 0.48?0.63 and 0.43 kg per bed in three general hospitals, 0.58 and 0.71 kg per bed in paediatric hospital and tumor hospital respectively. Based on these data, the daily output of medical wastes in Changsha was estimated about 9.390 t. The recovery rate of medical wastes mainly including glass and plastic was 49.32%. The disposal rate of medical wastes only was 1.34%. The rest of medical wastes of 49.34% were mixed into domestic wastes or landfilled. Conclusion The management of medical wastes wasn't perfect in Changsha, which presented potential environmental pollution.