以“权利束”视角探究数据权利

Exploring Data Rights from the Perspective of “Bundle of Rights”

数据在当今社会中扮演了重要角色,影响着政治、经济、文化等方面的发展。近年来,对数据权利的研究蓬勃发展,逐步明确了数据权利包含人格权、财产权、国家主权三大类权利的基本趋势。虽然有此趋势,但是研究过程中仍然存在着权利研究相互割裂,缺乏联系,没有形成数据权利内部统一价值标准与规则的问题。应当借以"权利束"这一概念,通过有效"束点",确定"权利边界"的方法,以数据权利束的视角对数据权利进行研究。明确其以数据权利为基础,集合多元主体、多种权利的事实。规范数据权利束内的权利组成与权利边界,阐明数据权利束的价值内涵。以数据权利束的价值内涵和权利价值观作为指导,形成数据权利束内在权利位阶,以此形成一种数据权利束确权、归集与保护之范式。

Data, affecting political, economic, and cultural developments, plays an important role in today’s society. In recent years, research on data rights has flourished, and it has gradually clarified the basic trends of data rights including three major categories of rights: personality rights, property rights, and state sovereignty. However, it still has problems in researching process:ignoring the intrinsic connection between them, lack of unified value standards and rules of data rights. We could use 'bundle of rights'to study data rights from the perspective of data rights bundles. At the same time, we should pay attention on 'rights boundary'and'bundle points', in order to clarify the connotation and value. Standardizing the rights composition and rights boundaries is key point of the bundle.. Guided by the value connotation and rights values of the data rights bundle, the intrinsic rights level of the data rights bundle is formed. In this way, we can build a scientific and reasonable way to study data rights, and put forward some suggestions and countermeasures on protecting data rights.