韩国古代文化与乐浪文化的相互作用以及东亚细亚

Mutual Interaction between Ancient Korean and Lelang Culture and East Asia

一、序言公元前108年,汉帝国打败了卫满朝鲜,并在以朝鲜县(今朝鲜平壤市)为中心的朝鲜半岛西北部设置了乐浪郡。自此,从辽宁到朝鲜半岛的广大地区(包括乐浪郡所在朝鲜半岛西北部地区在内)形成了与之前不同性质的相互作用关系。汉朝从其政治结构而言是世界帝国,从其文明而言也带有世界文明的性质。汉帝国在卫满朝鲜的中心地——以平壤为中心的朝鲜半岛西北部地区设置了乐浪郡这一边郡形态的据点,意味着作为世界文明的汉文明向朝鲜半岛西北部地区的直接扩张。在此过程中,朝鲜半岛内原有的土著文化相互作用关系网得到重新编织,同时又诱发形成了以乐浪为中心的全新的相互作用关系网, 这一相互作用关系网对韩国古代文化的技术革新和文化面貌带来深远影响.

As Wiman Joseon collapsed as a result of war with Han China in B.C.108,Lelang commandery was established in the northwestern part of the Korean peninsula.The significance of the establishment of Lelang commandery was far different from the simple establishment of a commandery in that Han civilization which was a world-power and world culture established a foothold on the Korean peninsula.Simultaneous with the establishment of Lelang commandery,a new mutual interaction sphere which encompassed the Korean peninsula and surrounding regions was created with Lelang commandery at it’s apex,in the beginning this mutual interaction sphere worked indirectly by the migration of Old Joseon groups which had broken away from Lelang commandery,however at the latest by the late1 st century B.C.this relationship was strengthened such that the coastal areas of the southern portion of the Korean peninsula were familiar with Chinese weights and measures.Through mutual interaction with Lelang commandery,ancient Korean states received the latest iron implements,pottery manufacture technology and various luxury items and symbols of authority,the chain reaction triggered by this mutual interaction had a positive impact on the many indigenous groups of the Korean peninsula.Meanwhile in the B.C.5-4th century there was a small-scale,regional mutual interaction sphere created between the coastal areas of the southern part of the Korean peninsula and the northwestern portion of Kyushu of the Japanese archipelago,as this small-scale,mutual interaction sphere became connected with the mutual interaction sphere centered on Lelang commandery in the B.C.1st century,the Lelang culture and technology accepted first-hand by the southern part of the Korean peninsula was disseminated to the Kyushu area and as a result of such exchange the Japanese archipelago during the latter part of the Yayoi culture period was transformed into a developed iron centered society.