山东定陶灵圣湖西汉墓M2出土木材分析与研究

Research and Analysis of Wood Excavated from the Han Tomb M2 nearby Lingsheng Lake,Dingtao County,Shangdong Province

灵圣湖墓地位于山东定陶县马集镇大李家村西北约2000米处,原是灵圣湖遗址的一部分。20世纪50年代地面仍保留有3个'堌堆'(封土堆),应皆为墓葬,后被取土平毁。1999年,菏泽市文物处和定陶县文管处联合清理了一座被盗掘的大型券顶石室墓(编号为M1)。2010年10月经国家文物局批准,由山东省文物考古研究所、菏泽市文物处和定陶县文管处联合组队对灵圣湖墓葬3个封土中最大的一座墓(编号为M2)进行了抢救性发掘。

Seventeen wood samples from the Han tomb(M2)nearby Lingsheng lake,Dingtao county,Shangdong province were identified by means of light microscope.There were four kinds of wood,belonging to Catalpa sp.,Phoebe sp.,Platycladus sp.and Subgen.Diploxylon respectively.The wooden coffin was made of the timber of genus of Catalpa and it meant that the owner of the tomb had a higher rank and position.The wood as the cover of main chamber was the timber of genus of Phoebe and it was indicated that the wood was timber specially selected from the south of the Yangtze River region because of the wood of genus of Phoebe with better-properties.The wood of top cover of coffin chamber,the door flame and door of the south lateral chamber of middle chamber in the south corridor were made of Subgen.Diploxylon."frame arch"was identified as the timber of genus of Platycladus and it was indicated that the"frame arch"of M2 was"yellow cypress frame arch"which was the tomb furniture with the highest level of the Han Dynasty.