夏鼐先生与甘青地区史前考古

Xianai and Archaeological Work in Gansu and Qinghai Region

1944~1945年,夏鼐先生作为中央研究院和中央博物院筹备处等机构组成的'西北科学考察团'的主要成员,赴甘青地区进行了近两年的田野考古工作。两年中,他野外调查和发掘的足迹遍及河西走廊、兰州周边和洮河流域及青海西宁地区,考察所涉及的内容极其丰富,既有新石器时代和青铜时代的遗址、墓葬,也包括历史时期的城址、墓葬、寺院、碑刻等。本文将主要回顾和讨论夏鼐先生关于甘青史前考古方面的工作和成就。

In order to search for its cultural relationship between Yangshao Culture and central Asia,Johan Gunnar Andersson(安特生)conducted intensive archaeological investigation and excavation in Gansu and Qinghai region from 1923 to 1924 after he found out Yangshao Culture in Henan region.He found out and established a series of archaeological remains of prehistoric and Bronze Age,and scheduled them in Chronological Order,namely Qijia period-Yangshao period-Machang period-Xindian period-Siwa period-Shajing period.This pioneering research was highly focused on by the academic circles both at home and abroad at that time.Xianai(夏鼐)conducted archaeological work in Gansu and Qinghai region from 1944 to 1945.In addition to surveyed and explored the Han and Jin tombs in Hexi Corridor region,he followed the footsteps of Johan Gunnar Andersson,investigated,reviewed and excavated a series of neolithic and Bronze Age sites by himself in Lanzhou-Tao River,Xining region and Hexi Corridor region that Andersson had worked.He revised the wrong Chronological Order of Qijia period and Yangshao period that established by Andersson according to the excavation results of Xindian,Qijia,and Yangwawan sites.At the same time,he put forward some new viewpoints of prehistoric culture in this region,thus laid a foundation of Neolithic and Bronze Age archaeological research in Gansu and Qinghai region.