论曲阜鲁国故城遗址西周时期殷遗民墓的腰坑殉狗

Discussion on the Dog’s Waist Pit Martyrdom Phenomena in the Graves of Yin Adherents in the Old City Ruins of Qufu in Lu State in the Period of the Western Zhou

山东曲阜鲁国故城遗址发掘于1977~1978年~①,该遗址发掘了两周墓葬128座,这些墓葬被发掘者分为甲、乙两组,其中甲组墓属于殷遗民墓,这些甲组墓皆为长方形的竖穴土坑墓。在该遗址西周殷遗民墓里经常发现腰坑殉狗的现象。本文拟对曲阜鲁国故城遗址西周早、中、晚期殷遗民墓腰坑殉狗现象进行探讨,以揭示腰坑殉狗殷遗民墓墓主地位、文化传统性及腰坑殉狗葬俗的嬗变等。

The Old City ruins of Qufu in Lu State in Shandong Province was excavated from 1977 to1978,the graves of Group Jia(甲)belong to Yin adherents.The dog’s waist pit martyrdom phenomena in the graves were often found.This article is to discuss the dog’s waist pit martyrdom phenomenon,to reveal the identity and cultural tradition of the grave owner and the evolution of the dog’s waist pit martyrdom phenomenon.The graves of Yin adherents with the dog’s waist pit martyrdom phenomena had the relatively strong traditional culture,but the graves of Yin adherents without the dog’s waist pit martyrdom phenomena had the relatively weak traditional culture.Under the rule of Zhou people,the grave owners of Yin adherents with the dog’s waist pit martyrdom phenomena seemed to be declining their status from early to late,they were reduced to the lower level of common people,but the grave owners of Yin adherents without the dog’s waist pit martyrdom phenomena got the higher position,followed by the burial custom of the declining trend.