关于山东北部盐业考古的新思考

New Thinking about the Salt Archaeology in Northern Shandong

山东北部沿海是我国历史上海盐的主产区之一,最近十多年来,山东省文物考古研究所、北京大学、山东师范大学、山东大学等单位在此开展了密集的盐业考古专项调查和发掘,取得了一系列重要收获,搭建起山东盐业考古的基本框架,也为研究山东盐业史提供了丰富的实物资料。

Over the last decade,great harvests have been achieved in the Salt Archaeology of the northern coast of Shandong Province.Based on the field archaeological data since 2008 and historical literature,this paper puts forward new thinking and ideas—the sites of the Dawenkong and Longshan periods along the littoral area are likely to the salt production.The documented materials that willow weaving appliances were used in salt producing are important clues and inspirations.On the salt-making technical process,the helmet-shaped potteries(盔形器)(or bronze plates)were utilized in the Late Shang-Western Zhou periods,the sandy vats(陶瓮)(or bronze plates)during the East Zhou,and the public tools(牢盆)from the Han Dynasty.In the field of the settlement patterns,a number of sites clustered in the littoral area,while seldom sites of the Spring and Autumn period,and the number decreased obviously from Han Dynasty.In the respect of the administrative system,the original government run began from the Late Shang-West Zhou,the primary official-operated system was carried out during the Spring and Autumn period,the putting-out system in the Warring States-Early Han Dynasty,and the Emperor Wu(汉武帝)put the formal state-run into force.Combined the field practice and studies,the author critically reflected on how to treat the document data during the archaeological researches and hope the rethinking are of benefit.