设区的市立法权限的规范分析与逻辑求证

Normative Analysis and Logic Verification of the Legislative Authority of the Districted City

认识设区的市的立法权限必须以《立法法》第72条第2款为中心而展开。基于经验认知的"人口数量、地域面积、经济社会发展、立法需求、立法能力"等因素在一定程度上确实影响着地方立法的存在形式和运作过程,但有时地方的利益权衡和法治意识等因素对地方立法的调适更为直接。解读"城乡建设与管理、环境保护、历史文化保护",不应当迷失在概念细节的琢磨推敲之中,而应当在肯定目的价值和动态变化的基础上把握其方法,理解其含义。对待"等方面的事项"不宜做"一刀切"的解释,而应当游离在"等外等"的周围,赋予设区的市以充分的自由裁量空间。《立法法》与《行政处罚法》《行政许可法》之间的相关规定不一致,为观察立法权之间的冲突与调谐提供了一个典型样本。

To understand the legislative authority of districted cities must focus on Article 72,paragraph 2 of the Legislation Law.The empirical factors such as 'population size,geographical area,economic and social development,legislative demand and legislative capacity' to certain extent influence the form and operation of local legislation,however,sometimes the factors like the balance of interests and people's awareness of rule of law more directly impact on the local legislation.When explaining the concept ' urban and rural development and administration,environmental protection,historical culture protection',we should not get lost in refining the details of the concept,but should construe it by knowing its objectives and changes.With regard to 'and other matters',it cannot be a 'one size fits all' explanation but should be explained flexibly to give districted cities enough discretionary space.The inconsistencies among Legislation Law,Law on Administrative Penalty,and Administrative License Law provide a typical case for studying the conflicts and solutions among different legislative authorities.