地方立法保护独特历史文化遗产——以《天津市历史风貌建筑保护条例》为例

On Protecting the Unique Historical and Cultural Heritage by Local Legislation——Taking the Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on the Protection of the Historic and Stylistic Architecture as an Example

在城市开发建设过程中,如何保护和利用好城市独有的不可再生的历史文化遗产,使之成为迈向现代化过程中的重要优势资源,是许多城市面临的迫在眉睫需要解决的重大难题。天津作为国家级历史文化名城,早在2005年天津市人大常委会就从本地实际出发,制定出台了《天津市历史风貌建筑保护条例》,开地方立法之先河,确立了一整套具有天津地方特色的制度和规范,为保护和利用好天津独有的历史建筑风貌提供了重要的法规依据。在条例统领下,天津建立起独具特色的历史风貌建筑保护工作体系;依据条例规定的标准和程序,分6批确认了877幢历史风貌建筑,形成了"保护优先、合理利用、修旧如故、安全适用"的理念,通过一系列独特的制度措施,对历史风貌建筑实施了全方位的保护与有效的利用。11年的历史风貌建筑保护实践表明,条例是一部具有很强前瞻性和可操作性的法规,是地方立法引领和推动地方改革发展的生动典型。从条例中总结出的一些地方立法的经验和启示对其他兄弟省市也具有参考和借鉴意义。

In the process of urban development and construction,it is an urgent issue for many cities to protect and maintain the unique non-renewable historical and cultural heritage of the city and utilize the heritage as an important resource in the process of modernization.Since Tianjin Municipality is a national historical and cultural city,as early as in 2005 the Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Tianjin Municipality,based on the real situation of Tianjin Municipality,promulgated the Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on the Protection of the Historic and Stylistic Architecture,with a set of legal institutions and regulations on the protection of historical buildings,which provides legal support for protecting historical buildings of Tianjin.According to these regulations,the protection of these historical buildings has been formed;a list of 877 historical buildings has been acknowledged successively;a vision of 'protection first,reasonable utilization,restoration to the original,safety and application' has been formed.By the implementation of a series of regulations,the historical buildings are protected all-around and made effective use of.11 years' practice on the protection of historical building shows that is forwardlooking and practical,and is a typical example among the local this regulation legislation.Its experience and inspiration are useful and is a reference to other provinces and cities.