推进设区的市行使地方立法权情况分析

An Analysis of the Exercising of Local Legislative Power by Districted Cities

为落实党的十八届三中、四中全会决定提出的重大改革任务举措,2015年3月,第十二届全国人大第三次会议修改了《立法法》,赋予了所有设区的市地方立法权,具体步骤和时间由各省、自治区人大常委会确定。依法赋予设区的市地方立法权,是党中央做出的重大决策,是我国立法体制的新发展,也是修改后的《立法法》实施的一个重点。《立法法》修改以来,全国人大常委会高度重视,将推进设区的市行使地方立法权作为重点工作;人大常委会法工委深入调研,积极指导;各省、自治区积极谋划,稳步推进。目前,这项工作取得了实质性进展,98.5%的设区的市、自治州、不设区的地级市已经批准可以开始制定地方性法规,290多件地方性法规已经出台。然而,与立法积极性高涨相对应,设区的市行使地方立法权也面临着一些挑战。

To enforce the significant reform tasks proposed in Third and Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee,in March,2015,the 3rd Session of 12th National People's Congress modified the Legislation Law of PRC,conferred the local legislative power to districted cities of which the steps and time shall be further determined by the Standing Committee of People's Congress in each province and autonomous region respectively.Conferring the local legislative power to districted cities is an important decision made by the Party Central Committee,a new development of legislation system in China,and the priority of implementation on the Legislation Law after its amendment.Since the amendment of the Legislative Law,the Standing Committee of National People's Congress pays high attention to promote the exercise of the local legislative power by districted cities;the Law Committee of Standing Committee conducts in-depth research and offers guidance actively;and each province and autonomous region make plans zealously and implement in prudent manner.At present,the promotion has made substantial progress.98.5%of the districted cities,autonomous prefectures and secondary cities without districts have approved the initiation of making the local regulations and rules,and 290regulations and rules have been enacted.In contrast to the enthusiasm for law-making,districted cities also confront some challenges at the same time.