遏制“港独”之立法构想

Legislative Design of Regulating the So-called Hong Kong's Separatist Activities

香港回归以来,"港独"之声不绝于耳。本文首先立足于刑法解释学的视角,讨论"港独"行为的具体形态和违法性。"港独"行为有多种表现方式,其共同特征是主张废除香港《基本法》,推翻中央人民政府的统治,意图"香港独立",将香港从中华人民共和国的版图中分离出去。此类"港独"主张不属于受法律保护的言论自由,而是分裂国家的行为,是严重的违法犯罪行为,不仅明确违反了《宪法》与《基本法》的规定,也构成了香港本地《刑事罪行条例》的煽动罪和意图叛逆罪。层出不穷的"港独"活动使香港经济和社会秩序不断受创,但由于缺乏相应的国家安全立法,"分裂主义者"至今仍未受到法律制裁,因此,《基本法》第23条的相应国家安全立法具有必要性和合理性,应当尽早提上日程。在汲取23条立法失败的经验的基础上,本文从立法内容、立法程序、社会参与等角度提出了遏制"港独"的具体立法构想。

After the reunification of Hong Kong,the voice of'splitting Hong Kong from China'has been continuously heard.Based on the perspective of criminal law hermeneutics,this paper discusses the specific forms and illegality of Hong Kong's separatist activities.Hong Kong's separatist activities has a variety of performance,its common feature is to abolish the Basic Law of Hong Kong and to overthrow the reign of People's Republic of China.They are eager for'the independence of Hong Kong',which means getting separated from the territory of People's Republic of China.Such advocations are certainly not part of the legal protection of freedom of speech,but the behavior of division of state,what's more,it is a serious criminal behavior.It is not only a definite violation of the provisions of the Constitution Law and the Basic Law,but also constitutes the crime of inciting and intentional treason in local criminal regulations.Endless Hong Kong's separatist activities undermine Hong Kong's economic and social order,however,because of the lack of appropriate national security legislation,separatist has not yet been sanctioned by law.Therefore,the corresponding national security legislation of Article 23 of the Basic Law should be put on the agenda as soon as possible.On the basis of absorbing the experience of legislative failure of Article 23,this paper puts forward the legislation design from the perspectives of legislative content,legislative procedure and social participation.