杜诗异文传播中的本色保存与文化增殖

On Nature Preservation and Increment of Culture in Variant Readings of Du Fu's Poems

古籍异文是原始文本的衍生形态,作为"有意味的差池",它以语言符号的形式表征着文化。杜诗异文的辨析与厘定,是杜集整理校勘中不可回避的首要问题;从文化学的视角考察杜诗异文,主要的是对异文文化传播功能的关注。历代杜诗释读行为,都可归结为从各个不同侧面对杜诗原始文本价值与意义的追索。立足于"本色保存"的杜诗传承过程中,不可避免地出现了大量异文,消解着原始文本的"本色";同时,异文的推求、厘定、阐释等传播行为又有效地实现了杜诗原始文本意义与价值的扩大与增殖。杜诗异文现象,体现的是杜诗历时文化传播中"本色保存"的主观愿望与"变形走样"的客观效果的实际悖离,异文消蚀着原始文本的意义和形态,同时又实现了杜诗文化价值与意义的增殖。

Variant readings of ancient Chinese text is a derivative form of the original text.As a'meaningful difference pool',it represents the culture in the form of linguistic signs.The analysis and determination of variant reading of Du’s poems unavoidably becomes the primary problem in the proofreading of Du’s poems.The examination of variant readings from the perspective of culturology mainly focuses on culture dissemination function of Du’s poems.The interpretation of Du’s poems in the past can be attributed to the retrieving of the original text’s value and meaning from different aspects.Based on the inheritance of'nature preservation',a large number of variant readings inevitably appeared,which dispels the'natural color'of the original text.Meanwhile,the dissemination,determination and interpretation of variant readings have effectively expanded and proliferated the meaning and value of the original texts of Du’s poems.Variant readings of Du’s poems reflect the conflict between subjective desire of'nature preservation'and objective result of'actual deviation'in the diachronic cultural dissemination of Du’s poems.Variant readings erode the meaning and form of the original text while realizes the proliferation of its cultural values and meanings.