基于可靠度与可观度的量测优化配置研究

Optimal Measurement Configuration Based on Degree of Reliability and Observability

随着电力系统运行的发展,电力系统运行中节点数据完全缺失的情况时有发生,这大大影响了系统状态估计时的可观测性;同时,现有的可观测性理论和方法不能很好地反映系统状态变量估计精度和数值稳定性。针对上述问题,本文首先结合N-1可靠性检验原则与节点电气介数定义可靠性损失指标与可靠度指标,对量测系统进行配置与优化,保证在任意一个节点完全缺失数据的情况下系统完全可观;然后,在此基础上量化系统的可观测性,提出可观度的概念及相应的精度与数值稳定性指标,运用灵敏度分析理论找到可观度指标的最大影响因子继续优化量测配置,保证厂站缺失数据的情况下,系统完全可观且具有良好的数值稳定性与估计精度。最后以IEEE 14与IEEE 39节点系统为例,验证了本文所提方法的正确性及有效性。

With the increasing development of the power system, complete absence of one or a few substations data regularly emerges, which may affect the system observability. Currently, observability analysis algorithms which only reflect the possibility of output state variables, fail to reflect numerical stability and veracity of estimation. To solve the problems, first the article combined the N-1 reliability test principle with electric betweenness to define the reliability indicators and the degree of reliability. Then, optimizing the measurement configuration to guarantee full observability of a power system when a station data is completely missing. Second, the observability of system is quantified by the degree of observability with the veracity and numerical stability indicators(observability indicators). Moreover, the utilization of sensitivity theory discovered maximal influence factor of the observability indicators which combined with the past date to go on optimizing the measurement configuration. The method was applied to IEEE 14-bus and 39-bus standard test system. The simulation results verified the performance of the proposed method.