基于变极绕组的无刷双馈电机起动特性研究

Research on Starting Characteristics of Brushless Doubly-Fed Machines Based on Pole Changing Winding

利用"复合线圈"原理提出一种转子绕组自增阻结构。通过分析样机的定、转子绕组联结方式,说明了由变极绕组原理设计的定子绕组对样机起动状态到运行状态的切换作用;详细地阐述了自增阻结构在样机起动时可以有效增大转子电阻折算值并在样机运行时恢复正常的原理。在不同负载工况下,利用有限元仿真和样机实验对样机自起动特性和样机异步起动方式的起动特性进行仿真分析与对比。仿真与实验结果表明转子绕组采用自增阻结构设计的无刷双馈电机克服了传统无刷双馈电机存在的起动电流大、转矩小的问题,具有良好的起动特性,适用于需要频繁起动的场合。

This paper presents a structure of self-resistance increase of rotor winding based on the principle of compound coil. By analyzing the prototype’s winding connecting mode of both stator and rotor, the function of the stator windings that designed by the principle of pole-changing winding is illustrated when the operating condition of the prototype switching from starting to running. The principle is described in detail that the autoresistive structure can effectively increase the rotor resistance of the prototype during starting, and the value of rotor resistance return to normal while running. The self-starting characteristics and asynchronous starting characteristics of the prototype with different load conditions are simulated and compared by finite element simulation and prototype test. The simulation and test results show that the brushless doubly-fed structure with self-resistive structure exceeds traditional brushless doubly-fed machine by overcoming the problems of large starting current and low torque. It has good starting characteristics that suitable for the occasions where frequent starting is required.