从“储物馆”到“记忆库”——关于博物馆与口述历史的若干思考

From Storage to Memory Bank—Several Speculations on Museum and Oral History

步入新世纪以来,博物馆逐渐呈现出多元化的趋势,'以物为主'的观念越来越受到质疑。新修订的国际博协章程确认了博物馆在非物质文化遗产保护领域的合法地位,《上海宪章》宣告了博物馆涉足口述历史的合法性。从'以物为主'到'物人合一',保护、抢救、发掘、整理各种有形或无形文化遗产,是博物馆义不容辞的责任。博物馆涉足口述历史,即是对'物人合一'理念的最佳实践。积极主动地开展口述访谈,准确恰当地利用口述史料,将极大地推动博物馆的研究工作,拓宽博物馆学的研究视域。

As museum has become diversified since the new century,the concept of objectorientation has been questioned by more and more people.The newly revised regulations of ICOM confirm the legal status of museum in the field of intangible cultural heritage protection and Shanghai Charter announced the legitimacy of the oral history involved in museum.Since the idea of object-orientation has changed to object and man united as one,it is the bounden duty of museum to protect,rescue,excavate and compile all kinds of tangible or intangible cultural heritage.Museum’s setting foot in oral history is exactly the best practice of the idea of object and man united as one.Carrying oral interview out positively and making use of oral historical materials correctly will profoundly promote the research work of museum and broaden the vision of museology.