人胎肾小球发育的定量研究

The quantitative study on the development of the human fetal renal glomeruli

本文用体视学方法研究了５１例１３周至足月胎儿肾小球发育以及与此相关的肾脏体积、肾皮质体积及肾小体有关参数的变化。结果表明：肾脏体积、肾皮质体积、肾小球总数、总体积、肾小体总体积、总表面积均随胎龄呈指数增加；肾皮质体积密度和肾组织缩水系数随胎龄增加而趋于减小；肾小球和肾小体的数密度、体积密度及表面积密度随胎龄增大而增加；肾小球及肾小体截面平均直径、平均卡规直径和平均体积随胎龄增加趋于减小；皮质肾小球截面平均直径小于髓旁肾小球截面平均直径；肾小球的空间排布随胎龄增大趋于密集。

The development of renal glomeruli and the changes in relative renal volume, renal cortical volume and the parameters of renal corpuscles of 51 human fetus aged from 13 to 38 weeks (full term) were studied with stereological methods. The results showed that the volumes of kidney and renal cortex and total number and total volume of glomeruli increased on exponential curve but the volume density of the renal cortex and renal tissue shrinkage coefficient decreased gradually with increasing of fetal aged. The numerical densities, volume densities and surface densities of the glomeruli and renal corpuscles increased but their mean sectional diameters, mean calliper diameters and mean volumes decreased with fetal development. The mean sectional diameters of the glomeruli in the outer and middle cortex were always greater than those in the inner cortex in every developmental stage. The arrangement of glomeruli in renal cortex became denser with fetal growing up.