水轮机模型装置设计的发展

Consideration and Innovation of Turbine Model

本文基于混流式模型装置,从静压轴承的连接形式、装置的拆卸方式、导控系统结构三方面对比了国内外水轮机模型装置,分析了不同结构形式的优点和不足;归纳了在高水头和高精度的试验要求下,使机组中心更稳定、装置拆装更方便、活动导叶开口调节更可靠的模型装置设计方法。针对钢板拼焊蜗壳制造困难和精度不足的问题,提出了采用铸造不锈钢和锻铝材料制造蜗壳的方法;为了满足高稳定性、易于观测的试验要求,改进了尾水部套设计方法,实用效果较好。

Based on the Frances turbine model, comparison was taken between domestic and overseas turbine model from the connection forms of hydrostatic bearing, the disassembling method of turbine model, and the structure of gate operating mechanism. Advantages and disadvantages of different structure type were analyzed. Design method of making the model main axis more stable, the disassembling work more convenient and the regulation of guide vane more convenient, in test requirements of high head and high precision, were concluded. Aiming at the problems of low precision and manufacturing difficulties of tailor-welded spiral case, casting stainless steel wrought aluminum were used to process spiral case. In order to fulfill the test requirement of high stability and easy to be observed, many design methods to produce draft tube was improved and they perform well.