1957——2000年台州市病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Analysis on Virus Hepatitis Epidemic Characteristics in Taizhou from1957 to 2000

[目的 ]了解病毒性肝炎发病流行规律。 [方法 ]采用描述流行病学方法 ,对肝炎分型三间分布、疫苗效果等进行比较分析。 [结果 ]病毒性肝炎年均发病率为 115 .5 / 10万 ,1998年起位居法定传染病的首位。甲肝疫苗的应用 ,使 0～9岁组发病率从 170 .8/ 10万下降到 1.6 / 10万 ,削平了儿童发病高峰。乙肝疫苗接种后 ,相应年龄组的发病率从 4 3.7/ 10万下降到 6 .3/ 10万 ,HBs Ag携带率下降到 2 %。 [结论 ]疫苗接种是防制病毒性肝炎的主要措施 ,乙肝成人免疫和加强免疫是控制乙肝急需解决的重要问题。

To find out the epidemic regular pattern of virus hepatitis (HA and HB). To analyze the distribution characteristics of different hepatitis and the effect of hepatitis vaccine by means of descriptive epidemiology. The average incidence of virus hepatitis is 115.5 /10 5 per year. from 1998. and is the highest incidence in notifiable diseases. The children's incidence of 0~9 years old was decreased from 170.8 /10 5 to 1.6 /10 5 by immunization of HA vaccine and was cut the epidemic peak of children's HA incidence. The incidence of hepatitis B was decreased from 43.7 /10 5 to 6.3 /10 5 by immunization of HB and the rate of HBV carrier was decreased to 2%.[Conclusion] Vaccination of hepatitis is a major prevention measure and HB immunization of adult and its supplementary immunization are very important for HB control.