中国城市体系的空间格局研究评述与展望

Review and prospect of research on the spatial pattern of China's urban system

构建科学合理的城市空间格局,是推进中国新型城镇化的重要内容。本文从中国城市体系的空间分布与空间结构、等级规模结构、职能结构与城市网络的空间格局等方面,对国家尺度城市体系的空间格局现状特征、演变过程及形成机理等方面的研究进展进行了梳理,并据此得出:当前基于社会经济发展的中国城市体系的空间格局研究虽较多,但仍需深化和完善;基于生态环境和自然资源安全的城市体系的空间格局研究较少,不能满足现实需要;而城市体系空间格局优化理论与合理性评价研究较为缺乏,系统模拟与优化模式研究则更为薄弱。因此,未来应在深化和完善现有研究内容的基础上,强化中国城市体系的生态安全格局、资源环境格局、经济社会发展格局的空间耦合研究,加强中国城市体系空间格局的优化理论、合理性评价方法、系统模拟方法、优化模式及优化对策研究,并形成综合集成体系。

Creating a scientifically-sound spatial pattern of urban system is an important content of promoting the 'new urbanization' strategy in China. In this article, we discuss the progress of research on the overall characteristics, evolution, and development mechanisms of the spatial pattern of China's urban system. These include the research progress on the spatial distribution and structure of China's urban system, the spatial pattern of city scales, the spatial pattern of functional structure, as well as the spatial pattern of urban network of China's urban system. This review concludes that although much research has been done on the spatial pattern of China's urban system based on socioeconomic development, further in-depth and improved research is still needed. Less research has been done on the spatial pattern of China's urban system based on ecological environment and natural resources security concerns, and this fails to meet the practical needs of urban development. Research on optimization theory and evaluation of the spatial pattern of China's urban system is overall insufficient. System simulation and optimization mode research is relatively weak. Accordingly, in addition to deepening and improving studies on current research themes, future studies should focus on the spatial coupling of the ecological security pattern, resource and environment pattern, and economic and social development pattern of China's urban system. The research on optimization theory, evaluation methods, system simulation models, and optimization modes and strategies of the spatial pattern of China's urban system should be highligted. Finally, an integrated system of theory and methodology on the spatial pattern of China's urban system should be developed.