中国城市休闲商业街区研究进展

Research progress on urban recreational business district(RBD) in China

随着人们闲暇时间和收入的增长,休闲旅游不断发展,而城市休闲商业街区(RBD)作为城市旅游的重要游憩空间,受到普遍关注。城市RBD是传统商业与旅游业的融合,对于城市旅游业的发展、经济转型、城市形象的提升具有重要意义。本文以知网检索到的与RBD相关的246篇文献为基础,以论文年发表数量和增长率作为主要的评价依据,首先分析国内RBD研究进程,将其分为起步发展、快速发展、巩固发展3个阶段,从研究主题、使用方法、研究层次等角度对每个阶段特征进行分析。其次,分析文献内容,对RBD的相关研究方向进行划分,共分为12大类,并从RBD的相关概念与定义、RBD的特征功能与分类、形成机制与过程、空间结构与布局、RBD发展对城市的影响、RBD的旅游形象与游客体验感知、RBD的开发与规划7个方面对国内RBD研究现状进行了综述。最后对RBD的研究中存在的问题进行总结,其中,概念定义的统一、深化案例研究、细化研究方向、提炼理论层次、应用定量化研究方法、建立评价指标体系等都是今后的研究中应加强的环节,并对今后的研究方向和重点进行展望。

Higher disposable incomes and more free time promotes urban tourism development. Construction of urban recreational business district(RBD) has been burgeoning in China. Urban RBD is a typcial urban tourism economic form, which is based on leisure business and recreation, catering, shopping, and other activities. Studying urban RBD provides important directions to the development of urban tourism, which also can contribute to the improvement of function and comprehensive benefit of RBD. Stansfield and Richert were the first to propose the RBD concept, and Bao introduced the RBD concept to China. Since then RBD research has drawn widespread attention within China. This article reviews the progress of Chinese urban RBD research and analyzes the research directions, research findings, and problems. Based on the 246 papers resulted from the search in CNKI(185 journal articles, 61 theses), this paper first analyzes the progress of RBD research. Based on the number and growth rate of papers per year, RBD research can be divided into three stages. The first stage is the initial development from 1998 to 2004. At this stage, research was primarily about the concept and the number of papers was small. Then started the rapid development period from 2005, when the growth rate of papers about RBD washigher, the main research directions were spatial structure, formation mechanism, and designing of RBD. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed in these research. But an integrated framework for RBD research was absent. At the same time, construction of RBD had began in many cities in China. The third stage since 2007 is consolidated development. Many theories and methods from other research fields were applied to RBD. New research directions were formed, including tourist behavior in RBD, cultural valuation, and business system of RBD. Traditional research directions had developed further. In this review the content of the 246 papers are classified into 12 research directions. The major research contents were reviewed from seven aspects, including the concepts and definition of RBD; characteristics, function, and classification of RBD; formation mechanism and progress of RBD; spatial structure and layout of RBD; influence of RBD on city development; tourism image and visitor experience and perception of RBD; and planning and development of RBD. Main research results were summarized and existing problems were put forward. Finally, this article summarizes problems of urban RBD research. The construction of RBD will become a major trend of urban tourism development. Future studies should create a consistent definition and the content and characteristics of RBD need to be further researched.Quantitative methods should be the focus; evaluation system of urban RBD that can quantitatively reflect the characteristic of RBD in each development stage should be built. In addition, detailed study, environmental effects, and social effects of urban RBD should receive more attention. Interdisciplinary methods and techniques should be used in future studies. Incorporating theoretical studies into practices in RBD construction is most important in these research.