中国城市群核心城市服务业发展的基本特征

Characteristics of services development of core cities in urban agglomerations of China

服务业正成为新常态下中国经济发展保持适度增速和迈向中高端水平的强劲动力,城市群核心城市则是中国服务业发展的重要空间载体。本文采用区位熵、对外服务流模型、熵值法,对2003年和2012年中国20个城市群32个核心城市的服务业专业化程度、外向服务功能、综合发展水平等进行分析,结果表明:核心城市服务业地域分工明显,生产性服务业专业化程度较高;核心城市服务业对外服务功能与城市规模等级具有显著相关性,多数属于生产性服务功能主导型,少数属于生活性服务功能主导型以及生产性和生活性服务功能并重型;核心城市服务业内部行业外向功能的空间集中性差异较大,生产性服务业空间集中性普遍高于生活性服务业;核心城市服务业综合发展水平的空间差异显著,与城市群的功能定位较为一致。

Under the new normality of China's economic development, service industries are becoming the strong driver for maintaining and advancing growth. Urban agglomerations are an important spatial carrier of China's service industries. The development level of core cities' service industries is pivotal for the comprehensive competitiveness of these cities and a symbol of modernization degree in urban agglomerations.This article uses the entropy method, location quotient, and external service flow model to analyze the characteristics of services specialization, external function, and development level of 32 core cities of China in2003 and 2012. Conclusions can be drawn as follows: Territorial division of service industries was clear in these core cities. The division degree of producer services was much higher than consumer and public services.Internal differences of producer services' exhibited an increasing trend. The core cities' external service ability showed strong correlation with city scale. The majority of the core cities were predominantly producer serviceoriented, and fewer core cities were consumer service-oriented. Spatial concentration of external function of the core cities' service sectors was clearly different. Overall, spatial concentration of producer service was higher than that of consumer service. The spatial differentiation of services development level of the core cities was significant—core cities of national urban agglomerations generally had higher levels of services development than the regional and local urban agglomerations.