生活方式型移民研究综述

Review of lifestyle migration

在经济比较发达以及后现代社会带来个人主体性增强的背景下,以寻找更好的生活方式的迁移——"生活方式型移民"成为一种重要的人口流动类型,并受到西方学者的高度关注。在中国,生活方式型移民开始萌芽,然而研究较少,目前主要集中在对生活方式型旅游企业主移民研究;西方的研究则涉及退休移民、生活方式型企业主移民等多种类型,但尚未形成完整的研究体系,对于生活方式型移民概念界定及其类型划分较为杂乱。为此,本文从现有文献出发,试图对这类移民的研究内容进行介绍、探讨、厘清和评析,首先确定"生活方式型移民"的概念框架,根据生产和消费在时间和空间上的结合状态将生活方式型移民划分为三种类型,并从社会交往、生活状态、旅游行为和自我认知等方面综述其迁移后的行为表现及由此产生的影响,希望借此促进中国学者对生活方式型移民的关注。

With the economic development and enhanced individual self- awarenes in post modern society,searching for a better way of life—lifestyle-related migration has become an important form of mobility and has been highly concerned by international scholars. In China, lifestyle mobility is emerging; yet, it has not caught the attention of the Chinese researchers except that a few articles have been published on lifestyle entrepreneurs.Although the international studies on lifestyle migration cover a wide range of activities, such as tourism retirement migration and lifestyle tourism entrepreneurial migrants, there has not been an agreement on the definition and typology of lifestyle migrants. Based on a review of existing studies, this article introduces,clarifies, and analyzes the studies on lifestyle migration. It first identifies the conceptual framework of 'lifestyle migration.' A typology of lifestyle migration according to their differences on the spatial and temporal arrangements of consumption and production is proposed. Behaviors of each type of migrants and their impacts on the destination are summarized. This articles aims to raise awareness of the Chinese scholars to pay attention to this emerging field of study.