地球界限概念框架及其研究进展

Review on the conceptual framework of planetary boundaries and the development of its research

"地球界限(Planetary Boundaries)"是指用于界定"安全运行空间(safe operating space)"的边界值,是Johan Rockstr?m等近年来提出的旨在保障人类生存和发展的重要概念框架。该框架一经提出就引起了广泛关注,一方面质疑者对这一概念框架的科学意义以及评估方法提出批评;另一方面支持者则对其评估方法、研究内容和研究尺度进行了完善和扩展,并取得了重要的成果。为了促进国内学者对该领域的了解和应用,论文在回顾相关文献的基础上,首先介绍了"地球界限"的概念内涵,并将其与中国学者所熟知的环境承载力等概念进行了比较分析;随后总结了该概念框架的争议观点,同时也对其近期的发展状况进行了评述;最后结合中国目前的发展状况,分析了"地球界限"概念框架对中国可持续发展的借鉴意义,并对未来的研究提出了展望,包括①进一步了解不同地球系统过程的相互作用机制,完善"地球界限"的指标评估体系;②明确"地球界限"与生态系统服务以及人类福祉三者之间的内在联系;③结合"地球界限"的评估结果,加强变革式环境治理的研究。

Planetary boundaries is a conceptual framework proposed by Johan Rockstr?m in recent years,which is aimed to build a safe operating space for safeguarding humans’survival and development.Since this framework was put forward,it has attracted widespread attention.The skeptics criticized the scientific significance and evaluation methods of the conceptual framework.However,the proponents have gradually improved its evaluation methods and research contents,and explored the downscaling results.In order to promote the understanding and application of this concept and framework,after reviewing the relevant literature we first introduced the conceptual connotation of planetary boundaries and its evaluation results,and then compared them with concepts such as environmental carrying capacity that have been well known to Chinese scholars.We also summarized the controversial views of the conceptual framework,and reviewed its recent development status.Finally,combined with China’s current development situation,we analyzed the implications of the conceptual framework of planetary boundaries for China’s sustainable development research,and put forward the prospect of future research,including:1)improving the assessment system of planetary boundaries through making further exploration on the interrelationship between different Earth system processes;2)defining the links between planetary boundaries,ecosystem services,and human well-being;3)strengthening research on transformative environmental governance in conjunction with the assessment of planetary boundaries.