长江三角洲地区城镇化效率测度及空间关联格局分析

Measurement and Spatial Correlation Pattern of Urbanization Efficiency in the Changjiang River Delta

以长江三角洲地区为例,构建城镇化效率的指标体系,运用DEA模型测度1990~2011年研究区城镇化效率;基于ESDA空间分析平台,运用全局、局部自相关测度模型对长江三角洲地区城镇化效率空间关联格局特征进行了分析。结果表明:1从城镇化效率测度来看,自20世纪90年代起长江三角洲地区城镇化综合效率整体上偏低,呈上升趋势,技术效率上总体较高呈略升趋势,而规模效率总体偏高呈减弱态势;2从全局空间关联来看,长江三角洲地区城镇化效率呈现出正的空间相关性特征,存在着效率空间集聚现象,即城镇化效率高(低)的地区空间相互邻接;3从局部空间关联来看,效率L-L关联区及H-H关联区所占比重较大,并呈现出不断上升的趋势;同时L-L关联区主要集中在台州、舟山等地,空间分布格局保持稳定;而H-H关联区主要分布在苏锡沪,并呈现出向绍、杭地区演化态势。

This article took the Changjiang River Delta as an example, built up index system of urbanization efficiency and measured the urbanization efficiency in the Changjiang River Delta from 1990 to 2011 using the DEA model. Based on the analysis of ESDA spatial platform, by using spatial metric model such as spatial correlation index and Local Moran,s I, the article analyzed the spatial correlation pattern of urbanization efficiency in the Changjiang River Delta. The results showed that: 1) Since the 1990 s, the urbanization efficiency was overall low but on the rising trend, urbanization pure technical efficiency was entirety higher and on the rise,but urbanization scale efficiency was on the high and weakened as a whole. 2) Urbanization efficiency has a positive correlation characteristics, there existed a spatial cluster feature,it meant that the regions with high urbanization efficiency were apt to be adjacent to the regions with high urbanization efficiency, and the regions with low urbanization efficiency intensity were apt to be adjacent to the regions with low urbanization efficiency. 3) The regions with L-L or H-H correlation pattern had a large percentage since 1990 s,and the number of regions were steadily increasing,which reflected the fact that the urbanization efficiency special cluster become more and more obvious. The L-L correlation pattern regions were mainly located in Zhoushan and Taizhou, where the spatial distribution pattern was stable. And the H-H correlation pattern regions were mainly distributed in Suzhou-Wuxi-Shanghai. After 2004, the H-H correlation regions have been increased, converged to Hangzhou and Shaoxing.