中国实景演艺旅游资源时空格局研究

Spatial and Temporal Patterns Analysis of Real-scene Performing Art Tourism Resource in China

以2004～2017年间国家5A、4A级旅游景区的283个实景演艺旅游资源为样本,借助ArcGIS软件对其发展阶段、类型特征、多维空间格局、时空扩散过程等进行了分析。主要结论包括:(1)定量化测度了实景演艺旅游资源的投资规模与数量,从而将中国实景演艺发展分为3个阶段:探查参与期(2004～2007年)、快速发展期(2008～2014年)、成熟巩固期(2015～2017年)。(2)依据实景演艺旅游资源在演出时间、演出形式等方面的特征,将其归纳为晚会式夜场、情景式日场和室内全天候3种类型,并刻画了不同类型实景演艺旅游资源的分布特征。(3)从时空演化视角,研究在认识中国实景演艺旅游资源多尺度(全国、三大地带、省域)空间格局的基础上,分析了实景演艺旅游资源在中国的时空扩散过程与特征。

Cultures are the soul of the tourism industry in the context of promoting integrated development of tourism and culture. The real-scene performing art tourism resource(RPATR), as a new type of tourism resource, has increasingly attracted the interest of scholars across various disciplines, such as anthropology, economics, sociology, etc. However, there are few studies from the geography perspective. Due to the differences of culture, economy, climate environment and tourism development level in different region, RPATR inevitably presents different distribution patterns. To satisfy current demands for the development of cultural tourism and to meet the challenges of the construction and management of RPATR, a scientific and systematic investigation and exploration of the distribution rules of the RPATR is important. Based on 283 the RPATRs of national 4 A,5 A tourist attractions in China, supported by GIS software, this study mainly examined four research topics about the RPATR in China: the development stage characteristics, type features, multi-scale(the nation, the three regions, the province) spatial pattern and spatio-temporal diffusion process. The main results are as follows. 1) Through a quantitative analysis based on the investment data, we divided the development of the RPATR in China into 3 stages: the exploration participation period(2004-2007), the development period(2008-2014) and the maturity period(2015-2017). 2) According to the characteristics of the RPATR in terms of performance time and form, we identified 3 kinds of RPATR, respectively the evening show, the daily show and the indoor show, as well as addressing the distribution characteristics of the different types RPATR. 3) We discussed the spatial distribution of RPATR at nation, the 3 main regions, province scales. At the level of the nation, the distribution of RPATR along with the 2 sides of'Hu Line'shows the features of'dense in the southeast and sparse in the northwest'. At the level of the three regions, the distribution of RPATR shows a'gradient'feature that the number of RPATR in the east is more than in the middle, and in the middle more than in the west. At the level of the province, the investment scale, density distribution and type pattern of RPATR are highly correlated with the level of social and economic development and the standard of tourism development in each province. 4) Macroscopically, RPATR showed that the eastern coastal area(the economic prosperous region) and the southwest area(the rich tourism resources region) were the first development regions of RPATR,next spreading from the east to the central and western regions along the Yangtze River. On the micro level, the distribution of RPATR spreaded from provincial capitals and key tourist cities to third-tier and fourth-tier cities.