基于绿色出行理念的合肥市区空气污染分区调控研究

Zoning and Regulation of Air Pollution in Hefei City Based on the Concept of Green Travel

空气污染是城市主要的环境问题之一,严重影响到城市人类健康,而交通尾气排放是空气污染的重要原因。绿色出行是基于城市可持续发展的要求,通过发展低碳、绿色、环保的出行方式,缓解城市交通拥堵、城市污染等问题的一种交通理念。基于绿色出行理念的城市空气污染分区调控研究,对于改善城市环境质量、提升人居环境品质具有重大意义。以合肥市区为例,构建基于绿色出行理念的城市空气污染评估框架,提出公共交通、步行及自行车的3类绿色出行评价指标,运用大数据分析绿色出行方式降低空气污染物排放的潜力。结果表明:合肥市区公共交通出行呈现东西、南北2条带状分布,步行及自行车出行集中于路网密度较高的城市二环内,'一核两轴'地区的绿色出行条件较好,改善空气污染物排放的潜力较强;城市空气污染空间呈现城市一环、滨湖新区核心区2个凹地;探讨绿色出行与城市空气污染的空间关系,发现两者存在一定的空间权衡关系;最后,基于绿色出行与城市空气污染的空间分布关系,将合肥市区分为绿色出行区、优化建设区、潜力提升区、出行限制区4类区域,并对不同区域提出城市空气污染优化策略。

Air pollution is one of the major environmental problems in cities,which seriously affects urban human health,and traffic exhaust emission is an important cause of air pollution.Green travel is a kind of traffic concept that aims to alleviate urban traffic congestion,urban pollution and other problems by developing lowcarbon,green and environment-friendly travel modes based on the requirements of sustainable urban development.The assessment of zoning and regulation of air pollution based on the concept of green travel is significance for improving quality of urban environmental and human settlement environment.Taking the downtown of Hefei China as an example,an urban air pollution assessment framework was constructed based on green travel concept,evaluation indexes of three types were green travel for public transportation,walking and bicycle,the potentiality of green travel modes to improve air pollutant emissions were analyzed by using big data.The results showed that the public transportation had a banding distribution with East-west and North-south direction in the downtown area of Hefei,and the walking and bicycle trips were concentrated in the second ring of the city with high road network density.Green travel showed strong ability to improve air pollutant emissions in the’one nuclear and two-axis’region;there are two high-vulnerability depressions of Hefei air pollution in first ring and the core area of Binhu;the relationship was explored among green transportation and urban air pollution,it was found that there was a certain spatial trade-off relationship among of them.Finally,the downtown of Hefei is divided into four areas:green travel zone,travel restriction zone,optimized construction zone and potential promotion zonebased on coordination of green transportation,urban air pollution.Optimization strategies were proposed for the air pollution in different regions.