论任择条款的保留与国际法院的任意强制管辖权——西班牙诉加拿大渔业管辖权案评析

An Observation on the Reservation of Optional Clause and the Compulsory Jurisdiction of ICJ——an Analysis through Fisheries Jurisdiction Case (Spain v.Canada)

国际法院的成员国依据《国际法院规约》第36条第2款任择条款接受国际法院的任意强制管辖权,但各国接受声明中的保留在一定程度上削弱了任意强制管辖权的意义。本文试图通过分析近年来影响较大的西班牙诉加拿大渔业管辖权案,阐述任择条款保留的解释规则、保留内容的合法性与保留有效性之间的关系,指出国际法院任意强制管辖权发展的现状以及任择条款的保留对国际法院任意强制管辖权的影响。

States accept compulsory jurisdiction of ICJ under the Optional Clause usually with kinds of reservations,which in some extent derogate the significance of com- pulsory jurisdiction.This author analyses the judgment of recently controversial Fisheries Jurisdiction Case(Spain v.Canada),focusing on the interpretation of such reservations, the validity of a reservation and its content,pointing out the current status of compulsory jurisdiction and the impact reservations have on it.